Almost every second man faces prostate at different ages. This disease is associated with an inflammatory process in the prostate, which can be caused by stagnant processes in the pelvic region, various infections. In the event that the result of the analysis showed the presence of pathogens in the secretion of the prostate gland, the doctor diagnoses bacterial prostatitis. Why does the disease develop and how is it treated?
Causes
Based on the name, it becomes clear that the main reason for the development of the disease is the entry of bacteria into the prostate. The causative agents may be:
- Intestinal and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Staphylococcus aureus.
- Enterococcus.
- Klebsiella.
- Enterobacteriaceae.
- Proteus.
- Sexually Transmitted Infections.
Many pathogenic microorganisms are always in the human body without damaging it. However, when favorable conditions arise, the infection begins to actively develop, causing the disease. These favorable conditions for bacteria include:
- Diseases of the urinary tract.
- Bacterial infections that develop in the body and can enter the prostate gland through blood or lymph fluid.
- Prostate phimosis.
- Acute epididymitis.
- Urethral catheterization.
- Mitigation (intraprostatic or urethroprostatic), when disease-causing organisms enter the prostate.
- Transurethral surgeries performed without prior antibiotic therapy.
- Violation of urination due to abnormal bladder structure.
- Conditions associated with a decrease in immune protection (AIDS, diabetes, hemodialysis procedure).
When bacteria enter the prostate area, pathogenic microflora begins to actively develop and an inflammatory process appears in the organ.
Risk factors that increase the chance of developing prostatitis include:
- Frequent diseases of the genitourinary system of an infectious nature.
- Presence of helminthic infections and other parasites.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Incomplete or premature emptying of the bladder.
- Hypothermia.
- Irritation of the urethra with chemicals.
- Scandalous sex life, lack of contraception.
The main causes of the development of inflammation of the prostate gland
- Prolonged sexual abstinence.
- Presence of bad habits.
- Weakening of immunity.
- Improper nutrition.
- Dehydration of the body.
- A sedentary lifestyle, which leads to the emergence of stagnant processes in the pelvic area.
- Frequent stressful situations.
Symptoms
It is simply impossible not to notice the symptoms of bacterial prostatitis, as this form of the disease begins acutely. The patient is concerned about:
- Increased body temperature, accompanied by chills.
- Painful sensations in the perineum, lower abdomen and lower back.
- Painful urination. The patient notices pain and burning sensation in the urethra, which are especially felt at night.
- Difficulty urinating, feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.
- Constipation is possible due to squeezing of the anus by an inflamed prostate.
- Signs of intoxication of the body (headache, general weakness of the body, body aches).
- Discharge from the urethra.
The symptoms of the disease also vary depending on the stage of the bacterial prostatitis:
- At the beginning of the disease, the inflammation does not spread outside the prostate. A man is worried about pain in the perineum, which can radiate to the sacrum area. Urination is fast and painful.
- In the second stage, the inflammation passes to the lobules of the prostate gland. In this case, the pain increases and can be given to the anus. Urination is significantly impaired, until its full retention.
- With an advanced form of bacterial prostatitis, inflammation spreads to all prostate lobules. The patient complains of signs of general intoxication of the body. Body temperature rises to 40 degrees. Delay in urination becomes acute. There is a throbbing sensation in the perineum. Frequent constipation occurs.
Possible complications
In case of premature or poor quality treatment, acute bacterial prostatitis can seriously damage a man's health and life. The most dangerous of these is sepsis.
Also, the infection can rise above the prostate gland and lead to pyelonephritis or cystitis.
Bacterial prostatitis can turn into a chronic form, the treatment of which is often difficult and leads to complications such as: adenoma, infertility, impotence, etc.
diagnostic
Since bacterial prostatitis has characteristic symptoms, it is usually quite easy to diagnose it. If the disease is not acute, the doctor will perform a rectal examination examining the gland area and taking a secret sample for analysis. The following studies help to make a diagnosis:
- Clinical and bacterial analysis of the patient's blood and urine.
- Prostate ultrasound.
- Blood PSA.
- Analysis of epithelial scratching by the urethra.
Treatment
The danger of bacterial prostatitis is that it is capable of becoming chronic in the shortest time possible. Therefore, it is so important to start treatment when you identify the first signs of the disease. After all, the chronic form of the disease contributes to the spread of the inflammatory process in the surrounding tissues and organs. If you ignore the treatment and do not take certain medications, then the prostate can become completely atrophied.
Antibiotics are prescribed to treat bacterial prostatitis. Only a doctor can recommend this or that medicine after examination and obtaining the result of microbiological tests.
Treatment with antibacterial drugs is considered the most appropriate for the bacterial nature of the disease. Due to the fact that antibiotics are able to make the tissues of the organs permeable, the drug can penetrate freely to the site of inflammation.
In the treatment of bacterial prostatitis, the following antibiotics are prescribed:
- Ampicillin.
- Macrolide preparations are quite effective in combating many disease pathogens.
- Cephalosporin drugs are effective in the acute phase of the disease.
- Fluoroquinolones are very sensitive to many bacteria. Due to the fact that these drugs have a large number of side effects, they are carefully prescribed.
- Tetracyclines can be difficult to tolerate, therefore, recently, they are very rarely prescribed.
The course of antibiotic treatment can not be less than 10 days.
Furthermore, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for treatment. They effectively relieve prostate pain and inflammation.
If problems with urination are noticed, the patient is told to use alpha blockers, which lead to a decrease in tension in the smooth muscles of the urethra and bladder.
Often, bacterial prostatitis is associated with a depressive state and frequent changes in the patient's mood. In such cases, the doctor recommends the use of medicines with sedative effect.
If the disease is severe, the patient needs detoxification treatment, which consists of intravenous administration of glucose, saline with trace elements and vitamin complexes. It is important for a man to adhere to a drinking regimen and drink at least 2 liters of clean water a day.
The treatment regimen for prostatitis with medication should aim at normalizing blood circulation in the pelvic region and increasing the body’s defenses. To do this, use:
- Vitamin and mineral complexes.
- Antispasmodics.
- Immunomodulators.
- Biological.
In addition to taking medication, the doctor will recommend doing microclister with a decoction of medicinal herbs (chamomile, calendula). The use of topical preparations in the case of bacterial prostatitis should be strictly limited, as there is a high risk of various complications.
After eliminating the inflammatory process, the patient is prescribed physiotherapy treatment (electrical prostate stimulation, magnetotherapy, and so on). They help speed up healing and are performed on an outpatient basis.
In extreme cases, when taking medication did not give the desired result, the doctor may decide on a surgical operation. Such an intervention consists of prostate removal and is usually performed in older men. Young people are not prescribed such treatment due to possible complications (enuresis, impotence, infertility).
If bacterial prostatitis becomes chronic, its treatment is quite difficult. It should be remembered that it is no longer possible to do this at home.
Preventive measures
The best prevention of bacterial prostatitis is an active lifestyle. This is due to the fact that the gland itself is poorly supplied with blood. Therefore, those who have sedentary work should take regular breaks in order to walk a little or do special exercises (pulls on the muscles of the anus).
A contrast shower gives a good effect. In this case, a stream of water is directed directly to the perineal area. The time to use hot (hot) water is 30 seconds, cold - should not exceed 15 seconds. The average duration of the procedure should be 5 minutes.
Preventive measures also include:
- Avoiding body hypothermia.
- Fight constipation. If you can not get rid of them yourself, you should see a doctor who will advise mild laxatives.
- Normalize sexual activity (choosing a permanent partner, using a condom in case of suspicious contact, avoiding prolonged absence or overactive sex).
- Regular preventive examination by a urologist for all men over 40-45 years old.
prediction
What are the consequences of bacterial prostatitis in a man? The success of the treatment depends on how timely and competently the therapy is prescribed. In addition, it is affected by the patient's age, lifestyle, stage of the disease and the presence of other diseases of the body.
The acute phase responds well to drug treatment, which, after a few days, significantly improves the condition of the man. But with improper treatment or its termination, a relapse and transition of the prostate to a chronic form is possible, which turns out to be much more difficult to cure.
To avoid the unpleasant consequences of bacterial prostatitis, it is important for a man to monitor his health, observe preventive measures and in case of discomfort in the perineal region, consult a doctor.